| Khadzhieva T.M. M.P. Gayday as a Collector and Researcher of Karachay-Balkar Folk Songs. |
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In Russia since the 20s of the 20th century, much work has been done to collect, publish and study the folklore of its peoples. In this article we are discussing the folklore expedition to Balkaria (1924) by the famous Ukrainian folklorist-musicologist, collector of folk songs, conductor of choral chapels Mikhail Petrovich Gaidai. During this expedition he recorded about 100 musical notes of Balkar songs. The materials collected by him in this expedition formed the basis of his two articles: “On the Balkarian folk song” and “Journey to Balkaria”.The manuscripts of these articles and music notations of M.P. Gaidai “About the Balkarian folk song” are kept in the archives of the Institute of Art Criticism, Folklore and Ethnology, M.F. Rylsky National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. The manuscript of Gaidai’s “Balkarian folk melodies” contains 108 musical notes of songs and jokes. Of these, 96 are Balkarian; 10 – Kabardian; 2 – Kirghiz melodies, recorded by him in the Stavropol region. The value and significance of the musical notes of the songs of Gaidai is enhanced by the fact that he gives them a subtext in the original language. Gaidai by nature possessed not only an absolute pitch and a subtle sense of harmony and rhythm, but also drew well. This is evidenced by the drawings he made to his ethnographic article “Journey to Balkaria”, which undoubtedly increase the scientific and ethnographic value of his records. Keywords: Karachais, Balkarians, folklore, folk songs and jokes variant, subtexts, phonograph.
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