| Sattsaev E.B. On the Ussue of Mood in Iranian Languages |
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Different languages have different set of forms of mood, depending on the modal value. In the Indo-European languages, which include the Iranian group, mood systems mostly coincide, this holds true for the most Iranian languages as well. In Ossetian there are four moods. In the modern Ossetian language the conditional and optative mood tend to be used indiscriminately, which led to the confusion of their forms. However, the process of merging of these moods has not been completed. In terms of the similarities of the moods, among the Iranian languages Ossetian is most similar to the Afghan language. In the Afghan language the optative and the conditional moods are also mixed and close, and refer to one common conventionally desirable mood. One of the most interesting forms of the subjunctive mood in the Ossetian and Afghan languages is a potential form, which is not found in most Iranian languages. The category of mood is related to the modality. In general, we can state the strong similarity of the system of moods in Ossetian and other Iranian languages, which goes back to the same prototypes. In Ossetian the category of modality is studied insufficiently. Modality in Ossetian is associated with impersonal verbs. The category of mood in the Ossetian language has not undergone any influence from the neighboring languages and has preserved archaic forms of mood and modality. Despite some ambiguity, the relationship of the forms and inclinations of the Ossetian language and other Iranian languages is clearly traceable. Keywords: Iranian languages, the Ossetian language, verb, mood, modality.
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