Новая версия сайта Перейти
Russian (CIS)English (United Kingdom)
ISSN 2223-165X

V.I. ABAEV NORTH-OSSETIAN INSTITUTE FOR HUMANITARIAN AND SOCIAL STUDIES

OF VLADIKAVKAZ SCIENCE CENTRE OF RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE

AND THE GOVERNMENT OF NORTH OSSETIA-ALANIA

ИЗВЕСТИЯ СОИГСИ

Malkonduev Kh.Kh, Gulieva (Zanukoeva) F.Kh. Genre Feature of Karachay-Balkar Household Tale Print

The article considers the problem of a genre originality of Karachay-Balkarian national fairy-tales, which have been collected and published by more than one generation of researchers since the end of the 19th century. In the present work the history of recording, popularising and studying the given version of folklore prose is briefly traced, it is marked, that representatives of advanced Russian intelligentsia E.Z. Baranov, N.P. Tulchinsky, etc. played an important role in this sphere. A great contribution of the Hungarian orientalist and philologist Wilhelm Prele is highlighted, who pioneered recording and publishing of Karachay-Balkarian national fairy-tales in their native language. Still, originally scientific research of the epos of the given ethnos began only in the second half of the 20th century, when forwarding activity of the KBSRI and KChSRI staff members allowed to create archival funds, and the works of A.I. Karaeva, A.Z. Kholaev and F.A. Urusbieva later appeared, thus laying the foundations of Karachay-Balkarian fairy-tale study. Also in the research, proceeding from the national empirical material, intragenre classification is carried out. Along with traditionally reviewed fairy-tales about animals, magic and household, as independent genre versions, mythological, magic-heroic and heroic fairy-tales are also considered. It is marked, that the most part of texts is made of household and magic fairy-tales. Due attention is paid also to a national terminological designation of a folk fairy-tale. At studying composite features of considered material the basic accent is laid on an introduction, which in Karachay-Balkarian fantastic tradition, unlike oral verbal culture of other people of North Caucasus, is very developed and has poetic character. Besides in research the comparative analysis of some motives of Karachay-Balkarian national fairy-tale and works of Indo-Iranian, Turkic, Caucasian, Slavic and other peoples is conducted.

Keywords: fairy-tale, myth, genre, motive, plot, borrowed elements, national originality.

References:

1. Alieva A.I. Istoriya zapisi i publikatsii fol'klora balkartsev i karachaevtsev v XIX – nachale XX veka [The history of recording and publishing folklore of Balkars and Karachays in the XIX – early XX century]. Karachaevo-balkarskiy fol'klor v dorevolyutsionnykh zapisyakh i publikatsiyakh [Karachay-Balkarian folklore in pre-revolutionary records and publications]. Nalchik, Elbrus Publishing house, 1983, pp. 5–32.

2. Tulchinsky N.P. Poemy, legendy, pesni, skazki i poslovitsy gorskikh tatar Nal'chikskogo okruga Terskoy oblasti [Poems, legends, songs, fairy-tales and proverbs of mountain Tatars of Nalchik District of Terek Region]. Terskiy sbornik [Terek collection]. Vladikavkaz, 1903, vol. VI, pp. 249–334.

3. Karachaevo-balkarskiy fol'klor v dorevolyutsionnykh zapisyakh i publikatsiyakh [Karachay-Balkarian folklore in pre-revolutionary records and publications]. Nalchik, Elbrus Publishing house, 1983. 432 p.

4. Karaeva A.I. Ocherk istorii karachaevskoy literatury [Essay on the history of Karachay literature]. Moscow, Nauka Publishing house, 1966. 320 p.

5. Kholaev A.Z. Narodnoe ustno-poeticheskoe tvorchestvo [Folk orally-poetic creativity]. Ocherki istorii balkarskoy literatury [Essay of the history of Balkarian literature]. Nalchik, Elbrus Publishing house, 1981, pp. 13–31.

6. Urusbieva F.A. Karachaevo-balkarskaya skazka. Voprosy zhanrovoy tipologii [Karachay-Balkarian fairy-tale. Questions of genre typology]. Vladikavkaz, North Ossetian Institute for Humanitarian and Social Studies Publ., 2010. 128 p.

7. Malkonduev Kh.Kh. Karachaevo-balkarskaya narodnaya skazka. Motivy o Zmee i Lise. Kompozitsiya [Karachay-balkarian national fairy-tale. Motives about the Serpent and the Fox. Composition]. Vestnik KBIGI [Proceedings of the Kabardino-Balkarian Institute for humanitarian studies]. 2014, no. 4 (23), pp. 99–116.

8. Malkonduev Kh.Kh. Karachaevo-balkarskie narodnye skazki i legendy v zapisi E.Z. Baranova. Osobennosti zhanra i povestvovatel'nykh elementov [Karachay-Balkarian national fairy-tales and legends in E.Z. Baranov's record. Features of a genre and narrative elements]. Izvestiya KBNC RAN [Proceedings of the Kabardino-Balkarian Scientific Center of RAS]. 2015, no. 2(64), pp. 223–228.

9. Malkonduev Kh.Kh. Karachaevo-balkarskoe skazkovedenie v XX – nachale XXI veka [Karachay-balkarian fairy-tale study in the XX – beginning of the XXI century]. Izvestiya KBNC RAN [Proceedings of the Kabardino-Balkarian Scientific Center of RAS]. 2015, no. 5(67), pp. 199–206.

10. Malkonduev Kh.Kh. O kompozitsii karachaevo-balkarskoy volshebnoy skazki “Zharykbiy” [About composition of karachay-balkarian fairy-tale “Jarykbiy”]. Izvestiya KBNC RAN [Proceedings of the Kabardino-Balkarian Scientific Center of RAS]. 2015, no. 6(68), pp. 185–191.

11. Malkonduev Kh.Kh. Karachaevo-balkarskie narodnye skazki o zhivotnykh. Motivy ob Ovtse i Koze (Aymush i Makkurush) [Karachay-balkarian national fairy-tales about animals. Motives on the Sheep and the Goat (Aymush and Makkurush)]. Vestnik KBIGI [Proceedings of the Kabardino-Balkarian Institute for humanitarian studies]. 2015, no. 3, pp. 81–91.

12. Malkonduev Kh.Kh. Volshebnaya skazka “Syn Yndyrbaya Makhamet” i ee varianty [Magic fairy-tale “Son of Yndyrbay Mahamet” and its versions]. Aktual'nye voprosy karachaevo-balkarskoy filologii [Actual questions of Karachay-Balkarian philology]. Nalchik, Kabardino-Balkarian Institute for humanitarian studies Publ., 2015, pp. 206–211.

13. Malkonduev Kh.Kh., Gulieva (Zanukoeva) F.Kh. Motivy i obrazy karachaevo-balkarskikh volshebnykh skazok. Lokal'nyy aspekt [Motives and images of karachay-balkarian magic fairy-tales. Local aspect]. Izvestiya KBNC RAN [Proceedings of the Kabardino-Balkarian Scientific Center of RAS]. 2016, no. 3, pp. 183–188.

14. Malkonduev Kh.Kh. Karachaevo-balkarskaya mifologicheskaya skazka. Syuzhet i kompozitsiya [Karachay-balkarian mythological fairy-tale. Plot and composition]. Vestnik KIGI RAN [Proceedings of the Kabardino-Balkarian Institute for humanitarian studies]. 2016, no. 2, pp. 146–158.

15. Malkonduev Kh.Kh. Vnutrizhanrovye osobennosti karachaevo-balkarskoy bytovoy skazki [Intra-genre features of karachay-balkarian household fairy-tale]. Vestnik KIGI RAN [Proceedings of the Kabardino-Balkarian Institute for humanitarian studies]. 2016, no. 3, pp. 173–179.

16. Malkonduev Kh.Kh. Karachaevo-balkarskaya geroicheskaya skazka “Taurukh”. Kompozitsiya [Karachay-balkarian heroic fairy-tale “Tauruh”. Composition]. Vestnik AN Chechenskoy Respubliki [Proceedings of the Chechen Republic Academy of science]. 2016, no. 3(32), pp. 122–124.

17. Malkonduev Kh.Kh. Karachaevo-balkarskaya volshebnaya skazka “Ptitsa s zolotymi per'yami”. Motiv. Kompozitsiya [Karachay-balkarian magic fairy-tale “A bird with golden feathers”. Motive. Composition]. Izvestiya KBNTs RAN [Proceedings of the Kabardino-Balkarian Scientific Center of RAS]. 2016, no. 4(72), pp. 130–133.

18. Berberov B.A. Pochemu starikov ne stali izgonyat' (sravnitel'no-tipologicheskiy analiz odnogo arkhetipicheskogo motiva) [Why did not the old people expel (comparative-typological analysis of one archetypal motive)]. Aktual'nye voprosy karachaevo-balkarskoy filologii [Actual questions of Karachay-Balkarian philology]. Nalchik, Publ. department of KBIHR, 2015, pp. 212–218.

19. Berberov B.A. Arkhetipicheskiy obraz medvedya v karachaevo-balkarskoy narodnoy skazke [Archetypal image of a bear in karachay-balkarian national fairy-tale]. Tipologiya i poetika traditsionnogo fol'klora narodov Severnogo Kavkaza [Typology and poetics of traditional folklore of peoples of North Caucasus]. Nalchik, Kabardino-Balkarian Institute for humanitarian studies Publ., 2016, pp. 28–37.

20. Berberov B.A. Spetsifika khudozhestvennogo konflikta v karachaevo-balkarskoy bytovoy skazke [Specificity of artistic conflict in karachay-balkarian household fairy-tale]. Vestnik KBIGI [Proceedings of the Kabardino-Balkarian Institute for humanitarian studies]. 2016, no. 1(28), pp. 84–87.

21. Berberov B.A. Tsennostnaya kartina mira v karachaevo-balkarskoy bytovoy skazke [Valuable picture of the world in Karachay-Balkarian household fairy-tale]. Vestnik KBIGI [Proceedings of the Kabardino-Balkarian Institute for humanitarian studies]. 2016, no. 4(31), pp. 95–98.

22. Berberov B.A. Kul't razuma v karachaevo-balkarskoy bytovoy skazke [The cult of the mind in karachay-balkarian household fairy-tale]. Vestnik KIGI RAN [Proceedings of the Kalmyk Institute for humanitarian studies]. 2016, no. 1(23), pp. 250–256.

23. Berberov B.A. Al'truizm kak polietnicheskoe yavlenie v karachaevo-balkarskoy narodnoy skazke [Altruism as the polyethnic phenomenon in Karachay-Balkarian folk fairy-tale]. Filologicheskie nauki. Voprosy teorii i praktiki [Philological Sciences. Questions of theory and practice]. 2017, no. 6(72), part 2, pp. 15–17.

24. Berberov B.A. Vospitatel'nyy potentsial karachaevo-balkarskoy bytovoy skazki [Educational potential of Karachay-Balkarian household fairy-tale]. Materialy Vserossiyskoy konferentsii s mezhdunarodnym uchastiem “Ustoychivoe razvitie: problemy, kontseptsii, modeli” [Materials of All-Russian conference with international participation “Sustainable development: problems, concepts, models”]. Nalchik, Kabardino-Balkarian Scientific Center Publ., 2017, pp. 204–206.

25. Gulieva (Zanukoeva) F.Kh. K probleme vnutrizhanrovoy klassifikatsii karachaevo-balkarskikh narodnykh skazok [To the problem of intragenre classification of karachay-balkarian national fairy-tales]. Aktual'nye voprosy karachaevo-balkarskoy filologii [Actual questions of karachay-balkarian philology]. Nalchik, Kabardino-Balkarian Institute for humanitarian studies Publ., 2015, pp. 226–230.

26. Gulieva (Zanukoeva) F.Kh. Karachaevo-balkarskaya volshebnaya skazka. K voprosu opredeleniya zhanrovykh granits [Karachay-Balkarian magic fairy-tale. To the question of definition of genre borders]. Vestnik KBIGI [Proceedings of the Kabardino-Balkarian Institute for humanitarian studies]. 2016, no. 1(28), pp. 95–98.

27. Gulieva (Zanukoeva) F.Kh. Karachaevo-balkarskaya narodnaya skazka [Karachay-balkarian national fairy-tale]. Tipologiya i poetika traditsionnogo fol'klora narodov Severnogo Kavkaza [Typology and poetics of traditional folklore of peoples of North Caucasus]. Nalchik, Kabardino-Balkarian Institute for humanitarian studies Publ., 2016, pp. 58–65.

28. Gulieva (Zanukoeva) F.Kh. Karachaevo-balkarskoe skazkovedenie: sovremennoe sostoyanie i perspektivy [Karachay-Balkarian fairy-tale study: current state and prospects]. Vestnik KBIGI [Proceedings of the Kabardino-Balkarian Institute for humanitarian studies]. 2016, no. 4(31), pp. 118–121.

29. Gergokova L.S. Karachaevo-balkarskaya skazka: vnutrizhanrovye osobennosti skazok o zhivotnykh [Karachay-balkarian fairy-tale: intragenre features of fairy tales about animals]. Izvestiya KBNC RAN [Proceedings of the Kabardino-Balkarian Scientific Center of RAS]. 2015, no. 1 (63), pp. 252–256.

30. Gergokova L.S. Nekotorye stilisticheskie osobennosti upotrebleniya antonimov v karachaevo-balkarskikh skazkakh o zhivotnykh [Some stylistic features of the use of antonyms in Karachay-Balkarian fairy-tales about animals]. Izvestiya KBNC RAN [Proceedings of the Kabardino-Balkarian Scientific Center of RAS]. 2015, no. 6-1 (68), pp. 174–178.

31. Gergokova L.S. Formy vyrazheniya prostranstva i vremeni v karachaevo-balkarskikh skazkakh [Forms of expression of space and time in Karachay-Balkarian fairy-tales]. Filologicheskie nauki. Voprosy teorii i praktiki [Philological Sciences. Questions of theory and practice]. 2016, no. 6-1(60), pp. 95–97.

32. Gergokova L.S. Osobennosti funktsionirovaniya epitetov v karachaevo-balkarskikh skazkakh o zhivotnykh [Features of functioning of epithets in Karachay-Balkarian fairy-tales about animals]. Filologicheskie nauki. Voprosy teorii i praktiki [Philological Sciences. Questions of theory and practice]. 2016, no. 7-2(61), pp. 16–18.

33. Gergokova L.S. Tipy syuzhetov, postroenie motiva obmana v karachaevo-balkarskikh skazkakh o zhivotnykh [Types of plots, construction of motive of deception in Karachay-Balkarian fairy-tales about animals]. Vestnik KBIGI [Proceedings of the Kabardino-Balkarian Institute for humanitarian studies]. 2016, no. 4(31), pp. 122–125.

34. Gergokova L.S. Karachaevo-balkarskie skazki o zhivotnykh: sistema obrazov, syuzhetnaya tipologiya [Karachay-balkarian fairy-tales about animals: system of images, plot typology]. Tipologiya i poetika traditsionnogo fol'klora narodov Severnogo Kavkaza [Typology and poetics of traditional folklore of peoples of North Caucasus]. Nalchik, Kabardino-Balkarian Institute for humanitarian studies Publ., 2016, pp. 51–57.

35. Kerbelite B.P. Syuzhetnyy tip volshebnoy skazki [The plot type of magic fairy-tale]. Fol'klor. Obraz i poeticheskoe slovo v kontekste [Folklore. Image and poetic word in context]. Moscow, Nauka Publishing house, 1984, pp. 203–250.

36. Anikin V.P. Russkaya narodnaya skazka [Russian national fairy-tale]. Moscow, Prosveshchenie Publishing house, 1977. 208 p.

37. Tkhamokova Zh.G. Sravnitel'nyy ukazatel' syuzhetov adygskikh (kabardinskikh, cherkesskikh, adygeyskikh) bytovykh skazok po sisteme Aarne – Tompsona [The comparative index of plots of adyghe (kabardian, circassian, adygey) household fairy-tales on system Aarne – Thompson]. Adyge taurykh»kher (Adygskie skazki). [Adyghe fairy-tales. Comp. Zh.G. Thamokova]. Nalchik, El-Fa Publishing house, 2005, vol. I, pp. 775–820.

38. Zolotaya ryba. Indiyskaya skazka [Golden fish. Indian fairy-tale]. Skazki narodov Azii [Fairy-tales of the peoples of Asia]. Moscow, Detskaya literatura Publishing house, 1988, vol. III, pp. 498–502.

39. Bukhurov M.F. Adygskaya bogatyrskaya skazka [Adyghe heroic fairy-tale]. Nalchik, Kabardino-Balkarian Institute for humanitarian studies Publ, 2015. 160 p.

40. Ganieva A.M. Volshebnye skazki [Magic fairy-tales]. Traditsionnyy fol'klor narodov Dagestana [Traditional folklore of the peoples of Dagestan]. Moscow, Nauka Publishing house, 1991, pp. 369–385.

41. Slovar' literaturovedcheskikh terminov [Dictionary of literary terms. Comp. L.I. Timofeev and S.V. Turaev]. Moscow, Prosveshchenie Publishing house, 1974. 590 p.

42. Alieva F.A. Bytovye skazki [Household fairy-tales]. Traditsionnyy fol'klor narodov Dagestana [Traditional folklore of the peoples of Dagestan]. Moscow, Nauka Publishing house, 1991, pp. 385–432.

43. Pomerantseva E.V. O russkom fol'klore [About Russian folklore]. Moscow, Nauka Publising house, 1977. 120 p.

44. K”arachay-malk”ar zhomak”la, taurukhla, aytyula (Karachaevo-balkarskie skazki, legendy, predaniya) [Karachay-Balkarian fairy-tales, legends, tales. In 2 vols. Comp., pref. T.M. Khajieva]. Nalchik, Elbrus Publising house, 1999, vol. 1. 472 p.; Nalchik, El-Fa Publising house, 2003, vol. 2. 472 p.